Meaning and Origin of Shamanism The word "shaman" comes from the Manchu-Tungus word šaman in Siberia, which means "one who knows" or an agitated/frenzied person. It has a history spanning thousands of years and originated largely in hunting-and-gathering cultures. It is closely linked with animism, the belief that natural objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence. Core Beliefs and Roles - Trance and Travel: Shamans use rhythmic drumming, chanting, dancing, or singing to induce a trance, believing their soul leaves the body to travel through spiritual realms. Healing: Communities look to shamans to diagnose and cure illnesses, which are often thought to be caused by a wandering soul or spiritual intrusion. Guiding Souls: Shamans act as intermediaries who can escort the souls of the dead to the otherworld. Divination: They are often asked to predict weather, find lost animals, or forecast the success of a hunt.